A word on Dick
I think I've begun to formulate the way I feel about the characterization in the work of Philip K. Dick. It seems quite shallow and superficial, but is actually incredibly well done. I believe the reason this is is that we are shown what the characters do, and why they think they do it, but never why they actually do it. So you gain great insight (through inference, or maybe empathy is the right word?) into their characters either intuitively, immediately and ineffably, or not at all.